Finland
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Migration & Minority Demographics/Statistics
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General Population
Qualitative Info
In 2010, the total population was 5351427, which amounts to 1.1. per cent of EU population.
External Url http://epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/portal/page/portal/population/data/main_tables
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Migrant Population (official/estimates)
Qualitative Info
Migrant population (i.e. people whose nationality is other than Finnish) was 155705 in 2010 (Eurostat, 2010). This is altogether 2.9 per cent of the total population.
The main groups are: Estonian, Russian, Swedish, Somali, Chinese, Iraqi, Thai, Turkey, German and Indian.
Groups affected/interested
- Migrants
- Refugees
- Roma & Travelers
- Muslims
- Ethnic minorities
- Religious minorities
- Linguistic minorities
- Asylum seekers
- Africans/black people
External Url http://epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/portal/page/portal/population/data/main_tables
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Valid Residence permits
Qualitative Info
Number of valid residence permits issued in 2010 was 16322 (Source: Finnish Immigration Service).
The main groups are: Russia, India, China, Somalia, Ukraine, Turkey, USA, Vietnam, Thailand and Iraq.
Groups affected/interested
- Migrants
- Refugees
- Muslims
- Ethnic minorities
- Religious minorities
- Linguistic minorities
- Asylum seekers
- Africans/black people
External Url http://www.migri.fi/download/16627_Oleskelulupap_t_kset_TOP10_kansalaisuudet.pdf
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Capital city's general population
Qualitative Info
The capital city population was 583 350 in 2010 (Source: Helsinki Region Statistics). This was altogether 10.9 per cent of Finland's total population.
Groups affected/interested
- Migrants
- Refugees
- Roma & Travelers
- Muslims
- Ethnic minorities
- Religious minorities
- Linguistic minorities
- Asylum seekers
- Africans/black people
External Url http://www.helsinginseutu.fi/hki/hs/The+Region+of+Helsinki/City+information+and+statistics
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Capital city's migrant/refugee population
Qualitative Info
Helsinki's migrant (i.e. citizen whose native tongue is other than Finnish, Swedish or Sámi) population was 59 573 in 2010 (Source: Helsinki Regional Statistics). This was altogether 10.2 per cent of the city's general population.
The main groups: Russian, Estonian, Somali, English, Arabic, Chinese, Kurdish, Spanish, German and French.
Groups affected/interested
- Migrants
- Refugees
External Url http://www.helsinginseutu.fi/hki/hs/The+Region+of+Helsinki/City+information+and+statistics
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Refugees/asylum seekers yearly inflow
Qualitative Info
Number of asylum seekers in 2010: 4018
The main groups were from: Somalia (571), Iraq (575), Bulgaria (485), Russia (436), Afghanistan (265), Serbia (173), Kosovo (148), Iran (142), Turkey (117) and Romania (94).
(Source: Finnish Immigration Service)
Groups affected/interested
- Asylum seekers
External Url http://www.migri.fi/download/16709_Tp-hakijat_vuosi_2010.pdf
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Quotas for admission/entry for employment
Qualitative Info
The annual refugee quota is 750. In 2010, Finland accepted 634 quota refugees (Source: Finnish Immigration Service).
Groups affected/interested
- Refugees
External Url http://www.migri.fi/tietoa_virastosta/tilastot/turvapaikka-_ja_pakolaistilastot/kiintiopakolaiset
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Overall Settled Minorities' Population
Qualitative Info
It is estimated that the number of the Sámi (indigenous people) is around 9 000 people in Finland (Source: The Sámi Parliament).
It is estimated that the number of Roma is around 10 000 people (Source: Government of Finland's Second Periodic Report on Implementation of the Framework Convention on the Protection of National Minorities).
The number of Swedish-speaking Finns is 291 153 people in 2010. (Source: Statistics Finland).
The number of the Jewish population is estamated to be around 1600 people. (Source: Government of Finland's Third Periodic Report on Implementation of the Framework Convention on the Protection of National Minorities).
The number of Tatars, Finland's oldest Islamic minority, is estimated to be around 800 people. (Source: Government of Finland's Second Periodic Report on Implementation of the Framework Convention on the Protection of National Minorities).
The total number of settled minorities' population is 312553, which is altogether 5.8 per cent of the total population.
The number pertaining to Swedish speaking Finns is official the others are estimates.
Groups affected/interested
- Ethnic minorities
- Religious minorities
- Linguistic minorities
- National minorities
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Roma & Travellers' population
Qualitative Info
It is estimated that the number of Roma is around 10 000 people, which amounts to 0.2 per cent of the total population (Source: Government of Finland's Second Periodic Report on Implementation of the Framework Convention on the Protection of National Minorities).
Groups affected/interested
- Roma & Travelers
- National minorities
External Url http://www.formin.fi/Public/default.aspx?contentid=67435
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Muslims
Qualitative Info
It is estimated that 17-19 % of migrants in Finland are Muslims, which is about 50 000-60 000 people (0.9 - 1.1 percent of the total population). The estimate is based on migration statistics 1990-2009. (Source: T. Martikainen ”Statistical Estimation of the Religious Backgrounds of Immigrants in Finland”, Teologinen aikakausikirja 3/2011).
In addition, the number of Tatars, Finland's oldest Islamic minority, is estimated to be around 800 people. (Source: Government of Finland's Second Periodic Report on Implementation of the Framework Convention on the Protection of National Minorities).
Groups affected/interested
- Muslims
- Religious minorities
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Asylum status granted
Qualitative Info
In 2010, Finland granted asylum status to 181 applicants, which amounts to 3.1 per cent of examined applications. (Source: Finnish Immigration Service)
The main groups were from: Iraq, Iran, Russia, Afghanistan
Groups affected/interested
- Asylum seekers
External Url http://www.migri.fi/download/16726_Tp-p_t_kset_vuosi_2010.pdf
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Subsidiary protection status granted
Qualitative Info
In 2010, subsidiary protection status was granted to 644 people, which amounts to 11.0 per cent of all examined applications.
The main groups were from: Somalia, Iraq, Iran, Afghanistan, Russia, Angola
Groups affected/interested
- Asylum seekers
External Url http://www.migri.fi/download/16726_Tp-p_t_kset_vuosi_2010.pdf
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Unaccompanied minors inflow
Qualitative Info
In 2010, altogether 329 unaccompanied minors applied for asylum. This amounts to 8.2 per cent of migrant inflow in 2010. (Source: Finnish Immigration Service).
The main groups were from: Somalia, Afghanistan, Iraq, Ghana, Russia.
Groups affected/interested
- Asylum seekers
External Url http://www.migri.fi/download/16714_Alaik_iset_tp-hakijat_vuosi_2010.pdf
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Trafficking victims identified/protected
Qualitative Info
in 2010, the Office of the Ombudsman for Minorities received 39 customer contacts concerning human trafficking. The annual report does not disclose the measures taken in these cases. (Source: 2010 Annual Report of the Ombudsman for Minorities).
Groups affected/interested
- Migrants
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Primary education population of foreign pupils
Qualitative Info
In 2010, there were 20 801 pupils in primary education whose mother tongue was other than Finnish, Swedish or Sámi. This amounts to 3.9 per cent of all pupils in primary education. (Source: National Board for Education).
Groups affected/interested
- Migrants
Key socio-economic / Institutional Areas
- Education
External Url http://www.oph.fi/download/138717_Vieraskieliset_oppilaat_peruskoulussa_2005-2010.pdf
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Secondary education population of foreign pupils
Qualitative Info
In 2009, altogether 2 195 pupils, whose mother tongue was other than Finnish, Swedish or Sámi, participated in upper secondary education. This amounted to 4.5 per cent of all pupils in upper secondary education.
In 2009, altogether 13 906 pupils, whose mother tongue was other than Finnish, Swedish or Sámi, participated in vocational education. This amounted to 4.9 per cent of all pupils in vocational education.
(Source: National Board for Education).
Groups affected/interested
- Migrants
Key socio-economic / Institutional Areas
- Education
External Url https://www.data.oph.fi/wera/wera
See other countriesSee indicator history - Tertiary education migrant background population
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Total of pupils of migrants parents/background in schools (automatically or by hand if no data on previous lines)
Qualitative Info
In 2009, there were altogether 35 337 pupils, whose native tongue is other than Finnish, Swedish or Sámi, in primary and secondary level educational institutions. (Source: National Board of Education).
Groups affected/interested
- Migrants
Key socio-economic / Institutional Areas
- Education
External Url www.oph.fi/download/138717_Vieraskieliset_oppilaat_peruskoulussa_2005-2010.pdf / www.data.oph.fi/wera/wera
See other countriesSee indicator history - Primary education population of pupils with Roma parents
- Secondary education population of pupils with Roma parents
- Tertiary education Roma minority population
- Total of pupils of Roma parents in schools
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General Population
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Migration & Minority Economics
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European Refugee Fund yearly allocation
Qualitative Info
The European Refugee Fund yearly allocation was 2 558 481 in 2011.
Groups affected/interested
- Refugees
Key socio-economic / Institutional Areas
- Integration - social cohesion
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European Integration Fund yearly allocation
Qualitative Info
The annual allocation of European Integration Fun was 1 135 905 euro in 2011.
Groups affected/interested
- Refugees
- Muslims
- Religious minorities
- Linguistic minorities
- Asylum seekers
- Africans/black people
Key socio-economic / Institutional Areas
- Integration - social cohesion
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European Return Fund yearly allocation
Qualitative Info
The annual allocation of European Return Fund was 533 645 euro in 2011.
Groups affected/interested
- Refugees
- Asylum seekers
Key socio-economic / Institutional Areas
- Integration - social cohesion
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Cost/fees for 1 year residence/work permit
Qualitative Info
The cost for 1 year residence/work permit is 440 euro (applicable as of 1.1.2012).
Groups affected/interested
- Migrants
Key socio-economic / Institutional Areas
- Employment - labour market
External Url http://www.migri.fi/asiointi/kasittelymaksut
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Cost/fees for Long term / permanent Residence permit
Qualitative Info
The cost for long term residence permit is 145 euro (applicable as of 1.1.2012).
Groups affected/interested
- Migrants
External Url http://www.migri.fi/asiointi/kasittelymaksut
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Cost/fees for Citizenship acquisition application
Qualitative Info
The cost for citizenship acquisition is 440 euro (applicaple as of 1.1.2012).
Groups affected/interested
- Migrants
External Url http://www.migri.fi/asiointi/kasittelymaksut
See other countriesSee indicator history
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European Refugee Fund yearly allocation